PSM은 크게 5개의 카테고리로 구성되며, 이중 두번째는 공정안전자료이다. 여기에 대부분 공정의 안전과 관련된 주요 설계자료들이 있으며 공정안전자료에는 크게 7가지 document로 구성되며 그 내용은 아래와 같다.
- 유해 위험물질 자료
- 유해 위험설비 목록 및 명세
- 공정도면
- 건물 설비의 배치도
- 폭발위험지역 구분 및 전기 단선도
- 안전설계 제작 및 설치관련 지침서
- 기타 (배출물의 처리 설계기준 및 명세)
이중 이번 포스팅에서는 안전설계 제작 및 설치관련 지침서에 대해서 알아 보았다.
산안법 시행규칙 제 50조인 공정안전보고서의 세부 내용에도 아래와 같이 언급되어 있다.
① 영 제44조에 따라 공정안전보고서에 포함해야 할 세부내용은 다음 각 호와 같다.
1. 공정안전자료
가. 취급ㆍ저장하고 있거나 취급ㆍ저장하려는 유해ㆍ위험물질의 종류 및 수량
나. 유해ㆍ위험물질에 대한 물질안전보건자료
다. 유해하거나 위험한 설비의 목록 및 사양
라. 유해하거나 위험한 설비의 운전방법을 알 수 있는 공정도면
마. 각종 건물ㆍ설비의 배치도
바. 폭발위험장소 구분도 및 전기단선도
사. 위험설비의 안전설계ㆍ제작 및 설치 관련 지침서
PSM에서 요구하는 조건은 모든 유해 위험설비의 설계 및 설치기준을 명확히 함으로서 설계 초기 단계에서부터 안전을 확보할 수 있고, 각 설비별 설치관련 코드 및 기준, 설치 시방서, 운전보수 지침서 등을 확보함으로서 일정한 기준을 확보하며 일관성있는 공정 안전 설계조건을 유지하기 위해 안전설계 설치 code & standard를 정하도록 요구하고 있다.
적용범위
안전설계 제작 및 설치관련 지침서는 프로젝트를 통해 설치되는 모든 설비에 설계절차, 설비사양, 검사에 적용된다.
안전설계 설치 code & standard
모든 주요 장치 및 부대설비의 설계 제작에는 아래 예시된 code & standard를 적용한다.
아래는 주로 적용되고 있는 국제규격이다.
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ASTM
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:
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American Society for Testing and Materials
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API
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:
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American Petroleum Institute
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ASME
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:
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American Society of Mechanical Engineers
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ANSI
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:
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American National Standard Institute
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AISC
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:
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American Institute for Steel Construction
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AISI
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:
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American Iron and Steel Institute
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AWS
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:
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American Welding Society
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AGA
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:
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American Gas Association
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TEMA
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:
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Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association
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HEIS
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:
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Heat Exchanger Institute Standard
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NEC
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:
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National Electrical Code
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NEMA
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:
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National Electrical Manufacturers Association
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NESC
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:
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National Electrical Safety Code
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ACI
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:
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American Concrete Institute
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IEC
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:
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International Electrotechnical Commission
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ISA
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:
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Instrument Society of America
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IPCEA
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:
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Insulated Power Cable Engineering Association
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NFPA
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:
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National Fire Protection Association
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FIA
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:
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Factory Insurance Association
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ABMA
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:
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American Boiler Manufacturer Association
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MSS
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:
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Manufacturer Standardization Society of Valve and Fitting Industry
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아래는 국내 프로젝트 수행시 적용되는 local regulation이며,
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KS
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:
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Korean Standards
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KASS
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:
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Korean Architectural Standard Specification
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Korean Fire Protection Law
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Korean Environmental Preservation Law
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Korean High Pressure Gas Control Law
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Korean Electric Facilities Standard Regulation
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Korean Architectural Law & Regulation
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Korean Occupational Safety & Health Law
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아래는 국내 프로젝트 수행시 인허가를 위해 협의해야할 기관들이다.
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Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency (KOSHA)
:
Korean Standards
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Korea Gas Safety Corporation (KGS)
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Korea Energy Management Corporation (KEMC)
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Korea Testing Laboratory (KTL)
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아래는 해외 프로젝트 수행시 적용되었던 design code & standard이며 이는 여러 discipline의 검토 및 사업주, licensor와의 협의를 거쳐 finalizing된다. 특별한 경우가 아니면 code의 latest version을 적용하거나 혹은 계약시점의 edition을 적용할 수도 있으며 필요시 특정 requirement를 적용해야 할 경우 Ed. No.를 define할 수 있다.
3.1 Flare System
|
Item
|
Code
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PSV’s
|
API STD 520 Part 1
API STD 520 Part 2
|
|
Flare System
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API STD 521
API STD 537
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3.2 Heat Exchangers
|
Item
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Code
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1) Process Shell & Tube
Exchangers
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ASME Sec. VIII Div.1
API STD 660
TEMA Class R
|
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2) Surface Condensers
|
ASME Sec. VIII Div.1
HEI
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3) Air coolers
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API STD 661
ASME Sec. VIII, Div.1
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4) Plate Exchangers
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API STD 662 Part-1
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3.3 Reactor
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Item
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Code
|
|
1) Reactors/Critical Pressure
Vessels
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ASME Sec. VIII Div.1 or Div.2
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2) Other Reactors
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ASME Sec. VIII
Div.1 or Div.2
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3.4 Pressure Vessels
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Item
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Code
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1) Pressure Vessels
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ASME Sec. VIII
Div.1 or Div.2
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2) Steam Drums Power
Boilers
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ASME Sec.1
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3) GRP and FRP vessels
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ASME RTP-1
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3.5 Package Equipment
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Item
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Code
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1) Main Pressure Vessls
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ASME Sec. VIII Div.1
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2) Main Shell & TUbe Exchanger
|
ASME Sec. VIII Div.1
TEMA
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3) Instruments / Electrical
|
ISA / IEC
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4) Gas Turbines
|
API STD 616
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5) Boilers / Waste Heat Boiler
|
ASME Sec.1
NFPA (Burner)
NFPA 85
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6) Steam Turbine
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API 612
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7) Loading Arms
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OCIMF
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8) Fired Heaters
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API STD 560
API STD 530
API RP 535
NFPA 85
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9) Blending Package
|
Vendor's standard
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10) Stack
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ASME STS-1
|
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11) Instrument Air, Plant Air and
Dry Plant Air Compressor Package
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API 672
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12) Cooling Tower
|
ATC-105
STD-111
BUL-109-NC
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3.6 Rotating Machinery for Process
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Item
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Code
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1) General
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API STD
ANSI STD
NFPA
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2) Centrifugal Compressors
|
API STD 617
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3) Centrifugal Pumps
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API STD 610
ASME B73.1
ASME B7.2
ISO 2858
ASNI
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4) Fire Pumps
|
NFPA - 20
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5) Steam Turbines – Special
Purpose
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API STD 612
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6) Steam Turbines – General
Purpose
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API STD 611
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7) Lubrication, Shaft-Sealing
and Control-Oil Systems
|
API STD 614
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8) Reciprocating Compressors
|
API STD 618
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9) Rotary COmpressors
|
API STD 619
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10) Machinery Protection Systems
|
API STD 670
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11) Special-Purpose Coupling
|
API STD 671
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12) Centrifugal Fan
|
API STD 673
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13) Positive Displacement
pumps - Reciprocating
|
API STD 674
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14) Positive Displacement
pumps – Controlled Volume
|
API STD 675
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15) Positive Displacement
pumps - Rotary
|
API STD 676
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16) Shaft Sealing SYstems
|
API STD 682
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17) Machinery Installation and Installation Design
|
API RP 686
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18) Chemical Injection Units
|
Vendor's standard
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19) Mixer & Agitator
|
Vendor's standard
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20) Rotary Blower
|
Vendor's standard
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3.7 Storage Tanks
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Item
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Code
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1) Atmospheric
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API STD 620,
API STD 650
API STD 2000
API RP 2350
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2) Pressurized
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ASME Sec. VIII
Div.1 or Div.2
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3.8 Mechanical Handling Devices
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Item
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Code
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1) Crane and Hoist
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CMAA
FEM
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3.9 Civil, Buildings and Structure
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Item
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Code
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1) Design & Material
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AISC-303
AISC 341
AISC 348R/RCSC
AISC-360
AISC Design Guide 1 AISC Design Guide 7 AISI Manual
AISI Design Guide ACI 318
ACI 336.2R
ACI 336.3R
ACI 350
ACI 350.4R
ACI 543R
SKBI 1.3.53
SKBI 1.3.55
SNI 1726
SNI 03-2847
SNI 03-1729
SNI 03-1734
SNI 1727
SNI T-15
SNI 2052
SNI 15-2049
SNI 2847
PBI
CMAA 74
ICC I-CODE IBC
AASHTO LRFD
AASHTO M145
AASHTO
(Guide for Design of
Pavement Structures)
ASCE/SEI 7-10
ASCE/SEI 37
TMS 402/ACI530/ASCE 5
TMS 602 / ACI 530.1 / ASCE 6 ASCE 41258
ASCE 41140
ASCE 41088
NFPA for buildings
API STD 650 (storage tanks)
API RP2FB
API RP 686 (Practice for Machinery installation/design) API RP752
ANSI A58.1
JIS G3101 SS400
JIS G3192
JIS G3466
JIS B1186
JIS A5335
29 CFR 1910
29 CFR 1926
ASTM A36
ASTM A53
ASTM A307
ASTM A500
ASTM A615
ASTM A706
ASTM A786
ASTM A992
ASTM A1011
ASTM A1064
ASTM F1554
AWS D1.1
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3.10 Piping
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Item
|
Code
|
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1) Piping & Pipeline*
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ASME B31.3
ASME B1.20.1 ASME B16.1 ASME B16.5 ASME B16.9 ASME B16.11 ASME B16.20 ASME B16.21 ASME B16.25 ASME B16.39 ASME B16.42 ASME B16.47 ASME B16.48 ASME B36.10M ASME B36.19M ASME B46.11.1 API 5L
API 594
API 598
API 599
API 600
API 602
API 603
API 607
API 608
API 609
API 622
API 623
API 624
API RP 615
API 6D
API 6FA ASTM A53 ASTM A105 ASTM A106 ASTM A123 ASTM A126 ASTM A182 ASTM A193 ASTM A194 ASTM A216 ASTM A217 ASTM A234 ASTM A307 ASTM A312 ASTM A333
ASTM A335 ASTM A350 ASTM A351 ASTM A352 ASTM A358 ASTM A395 ASTM A403 ASTM A420 ASTM A479 ASTM A536
ASTM A671 ASTM A672 ASTM B61
ASTM B366 ASTM B423 ASTM B444
ASTM B462
ASTM B464
ASTM B564
ASTM B729
AWWA C115/A21.15
AWWA C205
AWWA C207
AWWA C228
AWWA C509
AWWA C515
ISO 21809-1 ISO 21809-3 MSS SP-6
MSS SP-25 MSS SP-44 MSS SP-45 MSS SP-75 MSS SP-80 MSS SP-81 MSS SP-88 MSS-SP-97 NACE MR0103
NACE MR0175 PFI ES-22 EJMA
FSA
MSS SP 58 MSS SP 69 MSS SP 89 MSS SP 90
BS 3974
ASTM E94
ASTM E142 ASTM E165 ASTM F1120 ISO 9001
ISO 9003 ISO 9004
|
|
2) Control of Corrosion Under
Insulation
|
NACE SP0198
|
Note: For Pipeline (offsite & offshore): ASME B31.4
3.11 Insulation Materials
|
Item
|
Code
|
|
1) Insulation
|
ASTM
DIN
BS
|
|
2) Control of Corrosion Under
Insulation
|
NACE SP 0198
|
3.12 Painting
|
Item
|
Code
|
|
1) Surface Preparation
|
SSPC
SIS
|
|
2) Materials
|
ASTM
JIS (secondary)
|
|
3) Color Coding
|
Standard Federal Code (USA)
RAL Number (Europe)
Munsell Number (JPN)
|
3.13 Electrical
|
Item
|
Code
|
|
1) General
|
IEC
NEC
IEEE NEMA ISO ANSI IPCES NFPA
|
|
2) Standard Voltage
|
IEC 60038
|
|
3) Measuring Relays and
Protection Equipment
|
IEC 60255
|
|
4) Low voltage Switchgear &
Control Gear
|
IEC 60947
|
|
5) High Voltage Switchgear &
Control gear
|
IEC62271
|
|
6) AC Metal enclosed Switchgear and Controller up
to 52 kV
|
IEC 62271-200
|
|
7) Rotating Electrical Machine
|
IEC 60034
|
|
8) Power Cables with extruded
insulation and their accessories from 1kV up to 30 kV
|
IEC 60502-1
|
|
9) PVC Cables up to 450/750 V
|
IEC 60227
|
|
10) Power Transformer
|
IEC 60076
|
|
11) Bearing of Motors
|
ISO R 281
|
|
12) Illumination Level
|
API 540
|
|
13) Enclosure Degrees
Protection
|
IEC 60529
|
|
14) Cathodic Protection System
|
NACE
|
|
15) EX type electrical material selection
|
IEC 60079
|
|
16) IEC System for Certification to Standards relating to
Equipment for use in Explosive Atmospheres
|
IEC Ex 02
|
|
17) Protection against lightning
|
IEC 62305
|
|
18) Communication Networks
and Systems for Power Utility Automation
|
IEC 61850
|
|
19) Safety of machinery – Electrical equipment of
machines – Part 1: General requirements
|
IEC 60204-1
|
|
20) Safety of machinery – Emergency stop – Principles
of Design
|
ISO 13850
|
|
21) Low-voltage electrical
installations
|
IEC 60364
|
|
22) Plugs and socket-outlets and domestic and similar general use standardized in member countries of IEC
|
IEC TR 60083
|
|
23) Tests for electric cables
under fire conditions
|
IEC 60331-11/AMD1
IEC 60331-21
|
|
24) Tests on Electrical and
Optical Fiber Cables
|
IEC 60332
|
|
25) Electromagnetic
Compatibility
|
IEC 61000
|
3.14 Fireproofing
|
Item
|
Code
|
|
Design
|
API RP 2218
|
|
Control of Corrosion Under Insulation
|
NACE SP0198
|
3.15 Fire Fighting / Fire Alarm System
|
Item
|
Code
|
|
1) System Design
|
NFPA 10 / 11 / 14 / 15 / 20 / 24 / 30 / 70 / 72 / 750 / 2001
API RP 2001 API RP 2030 API 2510A
ANSI
|
|
2) Material
|
ASTM
JIS
|
3.16 Instrument
|
Item
|
Code
|
|
1) General
|
API
API MPMS ISA
AGA
FCI
ISO
IEC
NFPA ASTM
RIIS
NEMA
BS
DIN
ASME
|
|
2) Recommended Prac- tice Locations for
Electrical Installation
|
API RP 500
|
|
3) Process Measuring Instrumentation
|
API RP 551
|
|
4) Transmission Systems
|
API RP 552
|
|
5) Refinery Control Val-
ves
|
API RP 553
|
|
6) Process Instrumen-
tation and Control
|
API RP 554 Part 1 API RP 554 Part 2 API RP 554 Part 3
|
|
7) Vibration, Axial Posi- tion, and Bearing Tem-
perature Monitoring System
|
API STD 670
|
|
8) Electrical Apparatus for
Explosive Gas Atmos- pheres
|
IEC 60079 Series
|
|
9) Degree of Protection Provided by Enclosure
|
IEC 60529
|
|
10) Functional Safety:
Safety Related Systems
|
IEC 61508 IEC 61511
|
|
11) Thermocouples
|
IEC 60584-1 IEC 60584-3
|
|
12) Industrial Platinum Re- sistance Thermometer
|
IEC 60751
|
|
13) Instrumentation Sym- bols and Identification
|
ISA S5.1
|
|
14) Binary Logic Diagrams for Process Operations
|
ISA S5.2
|
|
15) Flow Equations for Sizing Control Valves
|
ISA S75.01
|
|
16) Measurement of Fluid Flow by means of
Pressure Differential
|
ISO 5167 Part 1 – 4
|
|
17) Manual of Petroleum
Measurement Standards
|
API MPMS
|
|
18) Temperature Measure-
ment Thermocouples
|
ASTM E230
|
|
19) Thermowells
|
ASME PTC 19.3
|
|
20) Relief Valve
|
API 526
|
|
21) Network and system security
|
IEC 62443-1-1 / -2-1 / -2-3 / -2-4 / -3-3 / -4-1 / -4-2
ISO 27001
|
|
22) Alarm Management
|
ISA 18.2
|
3.17 Certification for Hazardous Classification
|
Item
|
International
Certification Body
|
|
IEC Ex 02 Certification for Hazardous Classification
|
CENELEC (PTB, BASEEFA, LCIE, etc.)
FM
UL
|
3.18 Hazardous Area
|
Item
|
Code
|
|
Hazardous Area
|
API RP 500
API RP 505 (existing area)
|
3.19 Communication
|
Item
|
Code
|
|
1) CCTV
2) Telephone System
|
IEC 61146-1
IEEE802.3
ITU-T G652
|
3.20 Lightning Protection
|
Item
|
Code
|
|
1) Lightning Protection
|
IEC 62305
|
3.21 Environmental
|
Item
|
Guideline
|
|
Healthy Safety & Environmental
|
International Finance Corporation
Environmental, Health, and Safety
Guidelines General EHS Guidelines:
Introduction
|
|
Water Pollution
|
World Bank Group Environmental,
Health, and Safety Guidelines for Petroleum Refining
|
|
Air Pollution
|
World Bank Group Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Petroleum Refining
International Finance Corporation Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Thermal Power Plants
International Finance Corporation Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines General EHS Guidelines: Environmental Air Emissions and Ambient Air Quality
|
|
Noise
|
International Finance Corporation
Environmental, Health, and Safety
Guidelines General EHS Guidelines:
Introduction
|
3.22 Others
|
Item
|
Code
|
|
Refractory
|
API 936
|
|
Refractory for line pipe
|
Vendor’s Standard
|
|
Risk- Based Inspection
|
API 581
|
|
Fitness for Services
|
API 579
|
|
Minimize Evaporation Loss on Floating Roof Tank
|
API MPMS Ch. 19.2
|